Chord substitution theory pdf

While the vi chord in major keys is also a minor 7th chord, it is not subjected to this substitution. A substitution is just replacing one thing with another thing. Thats it for the theory side of tritone chord substitutions. One of my favorite chord substitutions, based on a great guitar progression, is noted below. This type of substitution is the classical neapolitan sixth for dummies. Jun 16, 2017 so todays lesson is all about common jazz chord substitutions. When a i chord is leading into a iv chordadd a minor 7th to the i chord. May 12, 2014 in music theory, chord substitution is the advanced technique of using a chord in the place of another, often related, chord in a chord progression.

Nonfunctional or contextual substitution involves superimposing chords that have their own logic that is independent of the original chords and doesnt necessarily relate to the original chords. Once again, the other chord substitutions are yours to discover. The chords in the windows to the right of the original chord represent frequently used substitutions. There are some specific and even complicated rules for substitution, but the final arbiter of a successful chord substitution is how it sounds. Reharmonizations and substitutions 7th chords and scale harmonization reharmonizing. Iiv substitution by cycles of hybrid chords g7 c7 7 d7 g7 c7 ab7db7gb7b7 c7 eb7ab7d7db7c7 60 iiv substitution by cycles of hybrid chords different quality d7 g7 c7 d7 g7 c7 bb7ab7d7db7c7 eb7eb7ab7co. Figure 63 shows a iivi progression in the key of c, immediately followed by the same progression, with a db7 chord substituting for g7, a tritone substitution. This strategy summarizes itself in a replacement of a chord for another one with the same harmonic function of it.

See the following explanation of the chords before viewing the free pdf sheet of this chord substitution. In short, every key has primary chords built off the 1st, 4th, and 5th tones of the scale. Using diminished ideas over dominant chords can be a refreshing approach when used in the proper context. However, much experimentation and listening will be required to effectively utilize this concept and some general guidelines should help. You can build your jazz theory or jazz harmony vocabulary like your solo vocabulary. In this video i am going to take a i vi ii v and go over 30 different ways of playing this progression. Diatonic chord substitution theory and harmony lesson. For example, in the key of c major, the iii chord is an e7. It could be replaced under the right conditions with an e7b5. Everything you ever wanted to know but were afraid to ask guitar method by tom kolb states the rules for diatonic substitution lie in a system of three groups called chord familiesbased on i, iv and v chords of the major scale 88. While there are many possible substitutions in the context of chord progressions, we will go over five important ones you need to know. So todays lesson is all about common jazz chord substitutions.

The chord subsitution chart is charted for the keys of c, g, d, a, and f and. The substitutions may have a quality and degree of function in common with the original chord, and often only differs by one or two notes, or they may be far more off the wall, flirting with other keys and modes temporarily, then with deft skill brought back to the home tonal centre. Chord substitution reharmonization simplifying theory. The most common type of substitute chord is tritone substitution. Flatfive substitution tritone another kind of chord substitution which is often used in pop and jazz music is know as flatfive substitution. You have learned the first foundational tool needed for adding chord substitutions. The material covered by the different topics is of varying levels of complexity and targets different audiences. A great way to write better chord progressions is to check out reharmonization techniques and chord substitution. Chord substitutions chord music music theory scribd. Substituting chromatic chords within the iii vi ii v i. Substituting chromatic chords within the iii vi ii v i progression for the sake of variety, coloration and creativity, composers or even players substitute chromatic chords chords that have one or more notes not in the key signature of the song. This means that the root is omitted, but both essential tones, the 3 and 7, are present in the chord. Now, i dont want to go too much into the theory behind this.

The minor 7th note is located a 7th above the root bottom note of the chord. Simply put, chord substitution is the use of one chord in place of another chord and using them is one way to give your music interest and a change in sound. I recommend you go check out that post on primary chords as a primer to this lesson. Pdf in this article we briefly introduce an original method, the. Coltrane changes coltrane matrix or cycle, also known as chromatic third relations and multitonic changes are a harmonic progression variation using substitute chords over common jazz chord progressions. How to substitute chords from the same harmonic function. Chord substitutions can be described as what i like to call new harmonies with the same function. Substituting chords by karen daniels simply put, chord substitution is the use of one chord in place of another chord and using them is one way to give your music interest and a change in sound. E c major 7 with an e in the bass, known as a slash chord and the c6. The following chord substitutions work in a variety of.

In the jazz standard lessons in this course, we apply all of the theory topics in context of actual tunes. A more conspicuous chord substitution is where a v7 chord in a ii v i is. In music theory, chord substitution is the advanced technique of using a chord in the place of another, often related, chord in a chord progression. In this article, well look at more conventional chord scale options listed according to chord types. As mentioned before, this substitution can also take place with the ii chord. In theory, any extension in one of the three families above may replace its parent chord like a. The upper case roman numeral indicates major chord, the lower case roman numeral indicates minor chord. Joe pass played chords differently from barney kessel. This chord substitution for major chords works great for creating pop or contemporary. Im going to teach you a process called chord substitution, or modal mixture.

In general, you can make whats called a tritone substitution on any dominant chord i. However, much experimentation and listening will be required to effectively. How to substitute a dominant 7 for a diminished 7 learn. If you were to eat vanilla ice cream every day for a year, not only would you gain weight and considerably so you would also quickly tire of the flavor. Chord substitutions sound scary, because we hear people talk about things like ah yes, the quintessential tritone substitution with the dominant seventh over a flat fifth blah blah blah. Tritone substitution tutorial what is tritone substitution. I touched on primary chords and chord substitutions in this post last week, but today, i want to take it a step further. Omitting the chord root gives the music a less predictable and contemporary quality. This lesson, however, will focus on substitution of minor and major chords. Jazz chord substitution theory and applications we all get bored of the same thing if we have too much of it.

Modern chord voicings and chord substitutions use pluralities built on the chord s 3rd. One of those is replacing vi with a diminished 7 chord. Chord substitutions secrets to chord substitutions. Chord substitutions survival guide pdf includes tab. However, this isnt necessarily a black and white thing as youll see throughout this lesson. Tritone substitutions are also knows as substitute dominants or sub 5s so be aware that these 3 terms refer to the same thing. Music theory 105 modes, modality, and chord substitutions. This substitution is made by replacing a dominant chord with a new dominant chord whose root is a diminished fifth interval above the original chordos root. Functional means that a dominant chord is substituting for a dominant chord and is still functioning in the same way the original chords did. The following chord substitutions work in a variety of musical situations and will not clash with what the other musicians are playing. Mu 0, scales and key signatures, and mu 3320, chord symbols. Cat, chord progression, chord substitutions, plagal cadence, perfect cadence, jazz, harmonization. The most common passing chord is a dominant chord a half step above the target chord. Basic guitar chords, keys, and scales december 30th, 2004 1 the key of c this is the first section of what i hope will be a series of useful articles, designed to help the.

Heres an easy chord substitution for church pianists to use. Mark watkins received his degrees from brigham young university and indiana university and has studied with eugene rousseau, daniel deffayet, ray smith, and yushi ishiwata and jazz with david baker. We explore some of the many different options available to you when for passing chords to common progressions. Much of the european classical repertoire and the vast majority of blues, jazz and rock music songs are based on chord progressions.

The size of one single file was too large for download 2. Its important to note that the five chord substitutions are taken in the context of a chord progression and not individual chords themselves. A future issue will address more advanced scale options such as crossreferenced scales, use of parent scales, and synthetic scales along with. You can get the pdf and the guitarpro files for these examples through my patreon page here. Many chord substitutions are available suspended, diminished 7 th, etc. For any major chord, substitute a major 2 chord to get a contemporary pop sound. Tritone substitution is a reharmonisation technique that can be used to add harmonic interest and variety to a chord progression. An introduction to chord substitutions for piano players. Basic music theory intermediate music theory this document advanced music theory this has been done for two reasons.